The spatial techniques currently used in accurate time transfer are based on GPS, TWSTFT, and GLONASS. The International\r\nBureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is mandated for the generation of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) which is\r\npublished monthly in the BIPM Circular T. In 2009, the international Consultative Committee for Time and Frequency (CCTF)\r\nrecommended the use of multitechniques in time transfer to ensure precision, accuracy, and robustness in UTC. To complement\r\nthe existing GPS and TWSTFT time links, in November 2009 the first two GLONASS time links were introduced into the UTC\r\nworldwide time link network. By November 2011, 6 GLONASS time links are used in the UTC computation. In the frame of\r\nthe application in the UTC computation, we establish the technical features of GLONASS time transfer: the short- and long-term\r\nstabilities, the calibration process, and in particular the impact of themultiple GLONASS frequency biases.We then outline various\r\nconsiderations for future developments, including the uses of P-codes and carrier-phase information.
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